Tension headaches are the most common type of headache. They can be short and intermittent or chronic and long lasting, some people even experience headaches on a daily basis. Frequent long-term headaches can have a negative impact on job productivity, quality of life and an overall decrease in well being. Research suggests tension headaches may be caused by stress, sleep disturbances or may have muscular origins in the neck, shoulders and jaw such as trigger points or postural imbalances. Muscle soreness or tenderness in the neck and shoulders occurring alongside tension headaches may be considered a cause or a symptom. Pain can radiate into the eyes, neck and even down the back. Individuals for whom this is a reality may seek treatment options beyond standard pain medication. Due to the nature of tension headaches, massage therapy is an appropriate choice for treatment.
Massage therapy as a treatment for tension headaches can be beneficial by treating both causes and symptoms. If a tension headache is caused by trigger points or increased muscle tone in the structures of the head and neck, massage therapy can address this directly with muscle relaxation techniques and trigger point therapy. Additionally, massage therapy aids in overall relaxation by affecting the central nervous system. This can also aid in improving quality of sleep. Increased relaxation can reduce the sensations of pain a person experiences.
Massage during a tension headache should be focused and performed with intent but not overly deep as this can cause a worsening of symptoms or "kickback pain." The treatment may also include the muscles of the jaw as well as stretching and the application of heat. Gentle overall relaxation techniques should be incorporated to decrease stress.
To continue the benefits of your massage at home, heat and stretching to the neck and shoulders as well as range of motion exercises can decrease muscular tension and improve circulation. Ice or cold may also be used to decrease the sensation of pain. Ongoing care involves making sure your neck is in a neutral position during sleep and avoiding sleeping face down. Making an effort to correct postural imbalances as well may have long term benefits for headache sufferers.
If a headache is sudden and severe or associated with other symptoms such as weakness, vomiting or visual disturbances you should see a doctor.
Diana Bellissimo, Registered Massage Therapist
